sand amp; gravel Michigan State University
To openpit mine for sand and gravel, four operations are necessary: (1) site clearing (removal of trees and vegetation, soil, and other overburden; soil must be stockpiled and reused later), (2) mining, (3) processing (crushing, screening, washing, blending and stockpiling of the mined material to conform to standards), and (4) reclamation of the mined area.